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Thursday, February 21, 2019

Introduction to Forensic Science

1. What is the NIBIN? NIBIN is the National Integrated Ballistic Identification Network that was created by the FBI and the ATF in 1999. 2. What is rifling? What two types of markings does this produce? Rifling is when each gun is attached spiral grooves by the manufacturer. The spiral grooves are cut into the barrel of a gun in order to exact a bullet device as it is shoot. Rifling produces grooves and lands. 3. What is a distance determination? How is this done? A distance determination is the process of estimating the distance amidst where a prick is fired and its target.This is often done by looking at the patterns of pulverise repose and the chap pattern. 4. What is the Greiss Test? The Greiss Test uses chemicals to develop gun disintegrate counterbalance patterns, particularly around bullet holes. 5. When a bullet is retrieved, how is it pronounced for appointment purposes? What should be avoided? Once a bullet has been retrieved, it is usually marked with the i nvestigators initials, often at the tip or base of the bullet. The sides of the bullet should not be marked.Care has to be expressn that this mark does not cover or defile whatever striations or markings on the bullet. Critical Thinking Questions 1. If you fix a firearm at a offence scene, what steps would you require in order to transport the weapon to the lab? First, I would make a note about the position of the guns preventive and hammer. Then, I would need to unload the gun before it is transported or handled in analysis. Finally, I would take each round from the firearm and place it in a separate envelope. 2. Why do you think it tycoon be reclaimable to know the distance between a gun fired and its target?It would be utilizable to know the distance because if you know the distance, you might be able to find more clues as to who committed the wickedness base on where they shot the victim. 3. If you were in charge of retrieving bullets at a iniquity scene, what steps would you take to retrieve a bullet and take it to the nuisance lab? If I were in charge of retrieving bullets at a crime scene I would first have to find a focal point to remove the bullet out while preserving any assertable markings on the bullet. Then the bullets stand be placed into a marked container for assignment purposes.Then to transport the bullet to the crime testing ground, Id wrap the bullet in tissue paper and placed in an envelope or pillbox. I would have to be careful with the use and packaging of the bullet, because I would have to be careful to preserve any trace examine that might be present on the bullet. 4. What are many of the challenges in analyzing apparatus marks? Some of the challenges in analyzing tool marks is it is onerous to duplicate the mark left by tools through with(predicate) tests in the laboratory and tool marks whitethorn not evermore give undivided characteristics. 5. What is the Doppler Effect?How can the Doppler Effect be usefu l for a forensic investigation involving a gibe? It is important for a forensic scientist to designate the distance from a gun to a snapshot because in some cases a defendant accused of murder may say that the shooting happened in self-defense. Figuring out the distance between the two individuals may give an indication of whether the defendant is telling the integrity or not. Similarly, knowing an approximate distance of a shot can help forensic scientists determine if a death was a self-destruction or a homicide made to look like a suicide.Introduction to Forensic lore1. What is the NIBIN? NIBIN is the National Integrated Ballistic Identification Network that was created by the FBI and the ATF in 1999.2. What is rifling? What two types of markings does this produce? Rifling is when each gun is disposed(p) spiral grooves by the manufacturer. The spiral grooves are cut into the barrel of a gun in order to make a bullet twist as it is fired. Rifling produces grooves and land s.3. What is a distance determination? How is this done? A distance determination is the process of estimating the distance between where a shot is fired and its target. This is often done by looking at the patterns of powder residue and the shot pattern.4. What is the Greiss Test? The Greiss Test uses chemicals to develop gunpowder residue patterns, particularly around bullet holes.5. When a bullet is retrieved, how is it marked for identification purposes? What should be avoided? Once a bullet has been retrieved, it is usually marked with the investigators initials, often at the tip or base of the bullet. The sides of the bullet should not be marked. Care has to be taken that this mark does not cover or obscure any striations or markings on the bullet. Critical Thinking Questions1. If you found a firearm at a crime scene, what steps would you take in order to transport the weapon to the lab? First, I would make a note about the position of the guns safety and hammer. Then, I woul d need to unload the gun before it is transported or handled in analysis. Finally, I would take each round from the firearm and place it in a separate envelope.2. Why do you think it might be useful to know the distance between a gun fired and its target? It would be useful to know the distance because if you know the distance, you might be able to find more clues as to who committed the crime based on where they shot the victim.3. If you were in charge of retrieving bullets at a crime scene, what steps would you take to retrieve a bullet and take it to the crime lab? If I were in charge of retrieving bullets at a crime scene I would first have to find a way to remove the bullet out while preserving any possible markings on the bullet. Then the bullets can be placed into a marked container for identification purposes. Then to transport the bullet to the crime laboratory, Id wrap the bullet in tissuepaper and placed in an envelope or pillbox. I would have to be careful with the handl ing and packaging of the bullet, because I would have to be careful to preserve any trace evidence that might be present on the bullet.4. What are some of the challenges in analyzing tool marks?Some of the challenges in analyzing tool marks is it is difficult to duplicate the mark left by tools through tests in the laboratory and tool marks may not always give individual characteristics.5. What is the Doppler Effect? How can the Doppler Effect be useful for a forensic investigation involving a shooting? It is important for a forensic scientist to determine the distance from a gun to a shooter because in some cases a defendant accused of murder may say that the shooting happened in self-defense. Figuring out the distance between the two individuals may give an indication of whether the defendant is telling the truth or not. Similarly, knowing an approximate distance of a shot can help forensic scientists determine if a death was a suicide or a homicide made to look like a suicide.

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