Natural Law versus Utilitarian Law

Abortion and Homosexuality, for many years, still uphold peerless of the most crucial social and ethical issues of modern times. It has dual-lane societies. Advocates and opponents continue to collide over debates, rallies, and violent confrontations trying to exert their overcompensate on-hand(a)s to these drills. some(prenominal) sides have valid arguments that led to legal battles and state legislating.Abortion is legal in 54 countries while it is irregular in 97 countries. Approximately 46 one thousand thousand spontaneous abortions ar performed worldwide every year, averaging 126,000 a day. In the coupled States, 1,370,000 occur annually. Since its legalization in 1973, there are more than 40 million cases reported. Many women use abortion as birth say-so while others because of desecrate or incest. Women decide to abort in frame to postpone peasantbearing, can non afford a botch up, too young, will disrupt cultivation or career, risk to fetal health, and risk to maternal health.Each year or so 26 million women obtain legal abortions while 20 million others obtain it illegally in countries that prohibit the practice. Moral considerations in abortion include Is the fetus a person? What stage of development does it perform human? Does the pregnant charr have the right to decide whether she wants the baby or not? Not abideing a cleaning lady to end her undesirable pregnancy violates her human rights? Are natural laws controlling abortion violates privacy? Would abortion be allowed to women who are victims of rape or incest?On the other hand, homosexuals are easily-known throughout history and now becoming a phenomenon these days. Their modernistic feelstyle is now satisfying. Recent studies show that the prevalence of homosexuality in adult males of Western societies ranges from 2% to 8%, indicating that a significant second of the population have homosexual tendencies. Homosexuals are now found in all walks of life, in all kinds of families, in many religions and races. Homosexuality is illegal in 80 countries, 42 of these outlaw male-to-male sex.The legal status of homosexuals varies. In some countries, homosexual acts are prosecuted under morality law or public indecency and even put to death. In 2001, Netherlands became the first clownish to legalize same-sex marriages followed by Belgium in 2003, Spain and Canada in 2005, and the US State of mammy in 2004. Among the strongest issue against homosexuals is that they are obsessed with sex, having little self-control or morality.Their promiscuous living enables them to have multiple partners as many as 100, making them vulnerable to and carriers of sexually transmitted diseases. Homosexuals continue their struggle for recognition. They squeeze for affect rights to employment opportunity, better access to health and insurance, freedom to marry, legislation for child custody, and the repealing of laws that ban transvestitism and cross-dressing among others .Considering these scenarios, different views and laws come into play, for or against The congenital Law versus the Utilitarian Law. Both sides are trying to justify the actions. graphic law uses the principle of Double Effect wherein a person whitethorn lawfully perform an action from which two effects will follow, one bad, the other good. This principle states that wretched must never be willed or voluntary or used as an end or performer to an end.To determine whether the action is right the act itself must be virtuously good or neutral, the motivation may not positively entail the bad effect still may permit it further to realize the good effect, the good effect must be desired to incubate for allowing the bad effect, and there must be serious reason to allow the evil effect. The Utilitarian, in contrast, uses the principle of Utility that such action is right or moral when it promotes happiness or pleasure, and decreased the sorrow or pain of individuals affected by the action. This principle is commonly known as achieving the greatest good for the greatest number. The law believes that all individuals are equal when determining the consequences of any given action and decides which action to take, of all the workable actions, to do the right thing.Abortion and the Utilitarian Law. The cardinal arguments of this law in privilege of abortion is that the woman has the right to control her own body, that abortion is a just exercise of this right, and that the law should recognize the right of choice. Denial of this right encourages illegal abortion and causes psychological anguish for women, especially those who are victims of rape or incest. The fetus, according to this theory, only becomes a person when it is viable in 23 weeks.At this time, the fetus has no legal rights. The rights only belong to the woman who can decide if she wants the baby or not. Reproductive freedom is a basic right. Abortion is justified if done within the period when the fetus is not fully developed. In this case, abortion is only terminating the pregnancy, not cleanup spot a child. Under its guiding principle of maximizing total happiness, denying a woman to end her unwanted pregnancy will cause her unhappiness and increase her pain. In addition, the baby will inflict physical and psychological harm as well as affect the womans mental health.If she is forced to care for the child, it will be a kernel because she is not ready for the responsibility. She will be distressful in the future. on the process, the child may suffer. Unhappiness will rule the lives of both dumbfound and child, and the people around them. This law also compares abortion to self-defense. That if the baby poses a threat to the life or health of the woman, abortion will be the best possible action to take out the threat.Abortion and the inbred Law. The central arguments of this law against abortion is the notion that human life begins at conception, that abortion is a deli berate act of killing the life in progress, and that the law must prohibit unjust violations of the right to live. Nature has provided women wombs to create life, eliminating life would be stirred. The act of abortion is evil because its motivation is willful and pre-meditated in terminating an innocent being.Under this theory, undergoing an abortion procedure is not allowed. However, other medical procedures could be morally good if only to save the life of a father even if it resulted in the unintended death of the unborn child. The death of the child is not intentional yet allowed to happen as a byproduct of the action. Good acts must not be accomplished by evil deeds nor evil must not become an element in achieving the good. Abortion should not be used for family planning or encumber birth defects. If during treatment of a deadly disease such as cancer, through chemotheraphy or hysterectomy, the unborn child dies.The death of the child is not a mean to cure the illness. If t here is a choice in getting the good effect without the bad effect, then this must be taken. If the action will result in lesser good and greater evil, the evil will be considered accidental or incidental. If a woman aborts her child to avoid embarrassment or maintain a sonsie figure, this is not a reason of unintentional death notwithstanding a planned one. All possible acts must be pursued to make unnecessary life, but during the course of action one life is lost, the act is allowable and acceptable.Homosexuality and the Utilitarian Law. Referring to its principle that such action is morally right if it produces the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people, then homosexuality would be acceptable because homosexuals generate a lot of pleasure to a lot of people. As stated earlier, their practices allow them to experience various relationships with different partners.To this extent, homosexuality should be acceptable. This theory has three features on the issue conseq uence, welfare, and sum-ranking. The act is moral if its consequences change to the happiness (welfare) of many people (sum-ranking). On this account there is no action that is neither right nor wrong. Homosexual acts are moral as long as they maximize happiness. All that matter is that their actions are right if it pleases everyone. The law also believes that homosexuality is a normal human specification not only brought about biologically or the environment but can affect early childhood. It covers every culture and age.Homosexuality and the Natural Law. In this theory, homosexuality is not acceptable because it simply does not conform in accordance with nature. A man and a woman are knowing to complement each other in sex and marriage, to produce consequence and awake a family. Their bodies are intended for that purpose. Homosexuality defeats that purpose but only abuses the human body. Two men or two women cannot reproduce. Thus, it is considered unnatural and immoral becau se it destroys the essence of family life.Through adoption, gay couples may have the possibility to raise their own families. However, as a consequence, the children will grow up in an inappropriate living condition, bombarded by intrigues and unusual behavior of their so mothy parents. Definitely, their way of thinking and behavior will likewise be influenced. In this set up, the act imposes bad effects for the children. Conflicts may arise curtly when the children reached the age of reason that perhaps will give way for breakup and unhappiness.Legalizing homosexuality will affect the conduct and judgment of children as well as spread immorality. Its acts contradict all conditions of the double effect principle. in that location is no good effect, only evil effect. Homosexual act by itself is not good and its motivation is for self satisfaction not for the attain of others. The gay ideology only reduces the human dignity.Their promiscuous acts not only create scandals that shoo k institutions like the church or government but give rise to a number of diseases that plague many nations. The practice of homosexuality presents lethal consequences to other people. As a result, the act results in a number of sexually transmitted diseases. The Center for Disease go over cited that homosexuals make up 80% of all AIDS cases in America. passel with same sex attraction are said to have reputation problems and deserve to be treated.ReferencesGrisez, G.G. (1970). Toward A Consistent Natural Law ethical motive of Killing. (Reprinted). The American Journal of Jurisprudence. Vol. 15. Electronic version. Retrieve whitethorn 9, 2006, from http//faculty.msmary.edu/Conway/PHIL%20400x/Grisez%20Toward%20A%20Consistent.pdfsearch=the%20utilitarian%20law%20on%20abortionAlstad, D. Abortion and The holiness Wars Taking The Moral Offensive. 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